What effect does underexposure have on image quality?

Underexposure results in quantum mottle, which is a type of noise that appears in radiographic images. This occurs because underexposed images have insufficient data to accurately portray the anatomy being imaged. When there are not enough photons reaching the imaging receptor, the random distribution of incoming photons leads to variations in pixel intensity, producing a mottled appearance. Quantum mottle can significantly compromise the clarity and diagnostic quality of the image, making it difficult for radiologists to interpret the findings accurately.

On the other hand, the options regarding increased contrast, increased detail, and reduced quantum mottle do not align with the effects of underexposure. Typically, underexposed images tend to have lower contrast and detail due to the lack of sufficient exposure to adequately capture the range of densities in the anatomical structure being examined. Consequently, it is vital for imaging professionals to ensure proper exposure levels to avoid the drawbacks associated with underexposure.