Which factor is primarily responsible for determining the resolution of a digital imaging system?

The resolution of a digital imaging system is fundamentally influenced by pixel density. Pixel density refers to the number of pixels within a given area of the image, usually expressed in pixels per inch (PPI) or pixels per millimeter (PPM). A higher pixel density means that more pixels are packed into that area, allowing for finer detail and greater clarity in the image. This results in an image that can resolve smaller features and provides more information, which is essential for accurate diagnosis and analysis in medical imaging.

While display calibration, dynamic range, and brightness levels are all important factors that contribute to the overall quality of an image, they do not directly determine the resolution. Display calibration ensures that the colors and contrasts are accurately represented on the screen, while dynamic range pertains to the range of brightness levels the imaging system can capture. Brightness levels, on the other hand, affect the visibility of the image but do not influence how much detail can be seen. Therefore, the primary factor responsible for determining the resolution is indeed pixel density.